Self-similarity of complex networks and hidden metric spaces

We demonstrate that the self-similarity of some scale-free networks with respect to a simple degree-thresholding renormalization scheme finds a natural interpretation in the assumption that network nodes exist in hidden metric spaces. Clustering, i.e., cycles of length three, plays a crucial role in this framework as a topological reflection of the triangle inequality in the hidden geometry. We prove that a class of hidden variable models with underlying metric spaces are able to accurately reproduce the self-similarity properties that we measured in the real networks. Our findings indicate that hidden geometries underlying these real networks are a plausible explanation for their observed topologies and, in particular, for their self-similarity with respect to the degree-based renormalization

La instauración del catastro en Lérida (1716-1758)

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Correlations in weighted networks

We develop a statistical theory to characterize correlations in weighted networks. We define the appropriate metrics quantifying correlations and show that strictly uncorrelated weighted networks do not exist due to the presence of structural constraints. We also introduce an algorithm for generating maximally random weighted networks with arbitrary P(k,s) to be used as null models. The application of our measures to real networks reveals the importance of weights in a correct understanding and modeling of these heterogeneous systems

Violencia de género, masculinidades y políticas públicas

El objetivo de este documento es mostrar la importancia que representa analizar la violencia contra las mujeres como un problema complejo, que proviene de la confluencia de diversos factores propios de un sistema social patriarcal, así como enfocar a los hombres y las identidades masculinas como parte central de la problemática y, por lo mismo, de la solución. El proceso metodológico tiene base en el análisis de tres entrevistas semiestructuradas, realizadas a hombres que fueron acusados por sus parejas mujeres de maltrato y violencia hacia ellas. Resulta de interés mostrar que los acusados se consideran inocentes, debido a que, para ellos, es “natural” subyugar a sus esposas. Los resultados del análisis de esta problemática hacen referencia a la formulación de políticas públicas con enfoque de género, no solo dirigidas a las mujeres, sino a los hombres y al sistema, como una manera adecuada de prevenir, atender y dar soluciones eficientes a disminuir y/o eliminar la violencia contra las mujeres3

Industry Career Guide Ownership Dwellings and Real Estate

This industry career guide on Ownership Dwelling and Real Estate (ODRE) aims to inform readers of the range of career options that are open to those who want to work in the industry. By presenting an array of occupations typically found in this field, the reader is informed of the basic requirements to land a specific job in this industry, the associated job environment and possibilities for job movement either in terms of promotion and/or moving laterally from one type of job to another within the industry. In the context of discussing job prospects, it lays out the issues surrounding employment, particularly gaps in job requirements and job candidates’ skills which typically plague other industries. Lastly, it presents the outlook for the housing industry, underscoring the industry’s likely direction in terms of performance and labor market interface within the next short run cycle, and suggests potential areas of cooperation among the academe, private business sector, and concerned government agencies to ensure a sustainable stream of gainful employment opportunities in the housing industry

Incidencia del factor sexo en el léxico disponible de una comunidad bilingüe

Una de las variables sociolingüísticas tenida en cuenta, tradicionalmente, en los estudios sobre variación léxica es el sexo (o género ). En el presente trabajo pretendemos conocer la incidencia de esta variable sobre el léxico disponible en castellano y en catalán en la provincia de Lleida. Concretamente, analizamos mediante procedimientos estadísticos la influencia que ejerce este factor en la producción del léxico en las dos lenguas en una muestra de 240 informantes bilingües de entre 17 y 18 años con est udios secundarios. Comprobamos 1) que las mujeres obtienen mejores índices de producción; 2) que existe una relación entre qué sexo evoca más palabras en cada centro de interés y la atribución social a la esfera femenina o masculina de la realidad que engl oba dicho centro; 3) que las mujeres se están sustrayendo a la prohibición de utilizar palabras malsonantes y 4) que, en cambio, mantienen rasgos propios de la afectividad lingüística. Sucede en ambas lenguas en contacto, aunque con ciertas diferencias res eñablesSex (or gender) is one of the sociolinguistic variables considered, traditionally, in studies dealing with lexical variation. In the present work we intend to know the incidence of this variable on the lexicon available in Spanish and in Catalan in the pro vince of Lleida. Specifically, we analyze through statistical procedures the influence that this factor exerts on the production of the lexicon in the two languages in a sample of 240 bilingual informants aged between 17 and 18 years old with secondary edu cation. We verify that: 1) women obtain better production ra tes; 2) lexicon available in each center of interest depends on whether reality to which it refers is socially assigned to male or female sphere; 3) women are avoiding the prohibition of using bad words; 4) on the other hand, they use linguistic affectivity’s features. It happens in both languages in contact, although with certain notable difference

Generalized percolation in random directed networks

We develop a general theory for percolation in directed random networks with arbitrary two-point correlations and bidirectional edgesthat is, edges pointing in both directions simultaneously. These two ingredients alter the previously known scenario and open new views and perspectives on percolation phenomena. Equations for the percolation threshold and the sizes of the giant components are derived in the most general case. We also present simulation results for a particular example of uncorrelated network with bidirectional edges confirming the theoretical predictions

Navigable maps of structural brain networks across species

Connectomes are spatially embedded networks whose architecture has been shaped by physical constraints and communication needs throughout evolution. Using a decentralized navigation protocol, we investigate the relationship between the structure of the connec- tomes of different species and their spatial layout. As a navigation strategy, we use greedy routing where nearest neighbors, in terms of geometric distance, are visited. We measure the fraction of successful greedy paths and their length as compared to shortest paths in the topology of connectomes. In Euclidean space, we find a striking difference between the nav- igability properties of mammalian and non-mammalian species, which implies the inability of Euclidean distances to fully explain the structural organization of their connectomes. In con- trast, we find that hyperbolic space, the effective geometry of complex networks, provides almost perfectly navigable maps of connectomes for all species, meaning that hyperbolic distances are exceptionally congruent with the structure of connectomes. Hyperbolic maps therefore offer a quantitative meaningful representation of connectomes that suggests a new cartography of the brain based on the combination of its connectivity with its effective geometry rather than on its anatomy only. Hyperbolic maps also provide a universal frame- work to study decentralized communication processes in connectomes of different species and at different scales on an equal footing